September 17, 2012
Apparatus required:-
The following electronics components are required.
· NAND Gate (IC-7400)
· AND Gate (IC-7411)
· OR Gate (IC-7432)
· EX-OR Gate (IC-7486)
· NOT Gate (IC-7404)
· JK Flip-Flop (IC-7476)
· Digital IC Trainer KIT
· Connecting wires
Description:-
A counter is a register capable of counting number of clock pulse arriving at its clock input. Counter represents the number of clock pulses arrived. An up/down counter is one that is capable of progressing in increasing order or decreasing order through a certain sequence. An up/down counter is also called bidirectional counter. Usually up/down operation of the counter is controlled by up/down signal. When this signal is high counter goes through up sequence and when up/down signal is low counter follows reverse sequence.
K-Map:-
Logic Diagram:-
Q
|
Qt+1
|
J
|
K
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
X
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
X
|
1
|
0
|
X
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
X
|
0
|
Truth-Table:
Input
Up/Down
|
Present State
QA QB QC
|
Next State
QA+1 Q B+1 QC+1
|
A
JA KA
|
B
JB KB
|
C
JC KC
|
0
|
0 0 0
|
1 1 1
|
1 X
|
1 X
|
1 X
|
0
|
1 1 1
|
1 1 0
|
X 0
|
X 0
|
X 1
|
0
|
1 1 0
|
1 0 1
|
X 0
|
X 1
|
1 X
|
0
|
1 0 1
|
1 0 0
|
X 0
|
0 X
|
X 1
|
0
|
1 0 0
|
0 1 1
|
X 1
|
1 X
|
1 X
|
0
|
0 1 1
|
0 1 0
|
0 X
|
X 0
|
X 1
|
0
|
0 1 0
|
0 0 1
|
0 X
|
X 1
|
1 X
|
0
|
0 0 1
|
0 0 0
|
0 X
|
0 X
|
X 1
|
1
|
0 0 0
|
0 0 1
|
0 X
|
0 X
|
1 X
|
1
|
0 0 1
|
0 1 0
|
0 X
|
1 X
|
X 1
|
1
|
0 1 0
|
0 1 1
|
0 X
|
X 0
|
1 X
|
1
|
0 1 1
|
1 0 0
|
1 X
|
X 1
|
X 1
|
1
|
1 0 0
|
1 0 1
|
X 0
|
0 X
|
1 X
|
1
|
1 0 1
|
1 1 0
|
X 0
|
1 X
|
X 1
|
1
|
1 1 0
|
1 1 1
|
X 0
|
X 0
|
1 X
|
1
|
1 1 1
|
0 0 0
|
X 1
|
X 1
|
X 1
|
Conclusion: - All the output verified the result of Truth Table.
Precaution in lab:-
· All the connections should be tight and proper.
· Handle the ICs carefully.
· Check the connection once again before Switching on the Digital Trainer KIT.
· Switch of the Trainer Kit after performing the Experiment.
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